The much awaited quota phase out by 31-12-2004 has
opened a new chapter in the history of international trade which is growing
substantially post 2004 which necessitates substantial involvement of productivity
& quality. The estimation of the value of International apparel trade by
2010 showed a wide gap. As per the estimates of K.S.A. (KURT SALMON ASSOCIATES)
the global apparel trade was predicted to touch U.S. $200 billion in year 2000.
Where as the study “ India The Growth Imperative” (Mc Kinsey 2001) predicted it
at U.S.$ 415 billion. Over 80% of the world’s population will live in the
developing countries. i.e. 5.94 billion vis-à-vis 1.32 billion that of
developed countries ( As per AAMA predictions). Indeed the global apparel trade
has surpassed U.S.$ 415 billion in the year 2010. Many developing countries
like India & China that were major apparel exporters have become major
markets for ready to wear apparel.
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In
this context importance of productivity & quality in apparel industry will
be going to have very good importance. So, Indian garment industries should
focus on productivity strongly in order to bring up productivity. At present as
compared to international market demands the scenario of Indian garments is not
much satisfactory; when compared to the productivity levels achieved in Western
countries & U.S.A. The efforts of apparel manufacturing industry in Western
world to improve productivity did show substantial results. This was made with
the development of many specialized machines & equipment for various
applications in the apparel manufacturing. The objective was to reduce the labor
content of the apparel products to the least possible level in order to make
the products cost competitive.
The
U.S. apparel industry established that with the modern machines & best
possible methods, a dress shirt could be produced in about 12 minutes of direct
labor input. As per survey conducted by K.S.A. in 1990 the productivity levels
achieved in countries like Germany, U.S.A., France & U.K. were 250% more
than least productive countries. The productivity ratings of Indian garment
industries stand at 50%, which is quite low, & have to be improved and
brought up; in order that Indian garment industries can compete globally in the
context of Quota phase out . But Indian garment industries have an edge over
competiting other Asian countries,
i.e. Indian garment industries are capable of producing high value added
garments by means of enriching the garments with a lot of different surface
ornamentation. Thus they can afford to take small orders also which our competitors,
other Asian countries can not do.
The following equation will be the revival kit for
Indian apparel manufacturing companies.
M.E. + E.M. +MO.E. + EN.M. = H.P. + E.Q.C.
(Modern equipment + Engineering methods + Motivated employees
+Enlightened
Management) = Higher productivity + Effective quality product.)
Modern machineries has to be employed, &
Industrial activities such as Method engineering, Work study, Time study &
motion study has to be focused. The worker’s work place has to be ergonomic and
should have proper lighting, ventilation and seating arrangements, so that they
enjoy their work & do not suffer from work related health problems and care
should be taken that labor force becomes motivated employees. Also the labors
& staff should be trained properly before allocating work to them. After
all employees are backbones of a company.
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